中国式现代化视域下蓝碳生态产品价值实现的法治路径

The Legal Path to Realize the Value of Blue Carbon Ecological Products from the Perspective of Chinese Path to Modernization

蓝碳生态产品价值实现是推进人与自然和谐共生的中国式现代化的重要实践。科学界定蓝碳生态产品的概念内涵及价值实现模式,对构建蓝碳生态产品价值实现法律制度体系具有重要意义。从我国蓝碳生态产品价值实现的实践现状来看,目前主要存在专门立法缺位、蓝碳权属不清以及市场交易、生态补偿、公众参与等实施机制不健全的现实困境。在公共物品理论、外部性理论及生态系统服务付费理论的指引下,我国蓝碳生态产品价值实现法律制度体系的构建应秉承整体系统观的基本规制理路,从蓝碳立法保障、执法监管、司法救济以及实施配套等多个维度统筹谋划加以制度设计,最大限度地保障蓝碳生态产品价值实现,进而助推我国“双碳”目标如期达成。

The realization of the value of blue carbon ecological products is an important practice of promoting the harmonious coexistence of man and nature in Chinese path to modernization.The scientific definition of the concept and value realization mode of blue carbon ecological products is of great significance for building a legal system for realizing the value of blue carbon ecological products.From the current practice status of realizing the value of blue carbon ecological products in China,there are mainly practical difficulties such as lack of specialized legislation,unclear ownership of blue carbon rights,and incomplete implementation mechanisms such as market trading,ecological compensation,and public participation.Under the guidance of the public goods theory,the externality theory and the ecosystem service payment theory,the construction of the legal system for the realization of the value of blue carbon ecological products in China should follow the basic regulatory approach of the overall system view,and plan and design the system from multiple dimensions,such as blue carbon legislative protection,law enforcement supervision,judicial relief and implementation of supporting facilities,to maximize the realization of the value of blue carbon ecological products,and further promote the timely achievement of China's“dual carbon”goals.