话语框架和组织能力:人工智能政策的采用机制

Discursive framing and organizational venues:mechanisms of artificial intelligence policy adoption

本文的研究目的有两个方面:一是从理论上评估人工智能政策采用过程中的思想和组织解释因素;二是研究欧盟在多大程度上促进了北欧国家人工智能政策的协调。本文采用多种研究方法,如系统的网络搜索、对政策文件的全面分析和对关键信息的半结构化访谈等。研究发现,欧盟利用基于框架的战略为协调欧洲人工智能政策制定了议程。不仅如此,该战略已经影响到成员国的人工智能政策,并达到欧盟人工智能话语的关键原则渗透到北欧公共政策文件中的程度。然而,北欧国家对欧盟人工智能政策的吸纳程度在国家层面存在差异。各北欧国家组织能力的不同造成其采用人工智能政策方面的差异。公共治理的组织理论与话语制度主义之间的对话从理论上解释了这一观察结果。研究认为,欧盟人工智能政策的框架经过了不同国家组织结构的打磨。

The purpose of this article is twofold:to theoretically assess ideational and organizational explanatory factors in the adoption of artificial itelligence policies;and to examine the extent to which the European Union has managed to facilitate a coordinated artificial intelligence policy in the Nordic countries.The study utilizes a mixed-methods approach based on systematic web searching,systematic policy document analysis and key informant semi-structured interviews.The study finds that the European Union has utilized framing-based strategies to set an agenda for a coordinated European artificial intelligence policy.Moreover,the strategy has affected member-state artificial intelligence policies to the extent that key tenets of European Union artificial intelligence discourse have penetrated Nordic public documents.However,the extent to which the Nordic countries incorporate European Union artificial intelligence policy discourse diverges at the national level.Dfferentiated national organizational capacities among Nordic countries make the adoption of artificial itelligence policies divergent This observation is theoretically accounted for through a conversation between organizational theory of public governance and discursive institutionalism.The study argues that the framing of European Union artificial itelligence policies is filtered through organizational structures among states.