撒哈拉以南非洲地区饮用水的可及性:发展型国家理论重要吗?

Access to drinking water in sub-Saharan Africa:does the developmental state doctrine matter?

本研究使用了来自14个撒哈拉以南非洲国家的数据,调查了发展型国家理论与加强改良饮用水水源可及性、减少城乡在改良水源和家用自来水可及性方面不平等的相关性。尽管发展型国家改良的水源可及性和城乡不平等的情况似乎比非发展型国家更好,但我们尚未找到足够的证据来支撑“发展型国家方法是最佳选择”这一说法。令人意外的是,腐败在发展型国家的影响高于非发展型国家。此外,发展型国家和非发展型国家都没有在饮用水供应项目上投入大量资金。我们发现,相较制度类型,人口总量增长率是最强的预测因素。本研究还确定和讨论了解释发展型国家和非发展型国家样本之间差异的因素,并概述了影响。

Using data from 14 sub-Saharan African countries,this study investigates the relevance of the developmental state doctrine to enhancing access to improved drinking water sources and to reducing urban-rural inequalities in access to improved sources and piped-on premises.Although access to improved water sources and urban-rural inequality seems better in developmental states than in non-developmental states,we have not found sufficient support for the claim that the developmental state approach is the best alternative.The influence of corruption is,unexpectedly,higher in developmental states than in non-developmental states.Moreover,both developmental states and non-developmental states were not significantly investing in access to drinking water supply programs.We find that the total population growth rate is the strongest predictor,rather than regime type.Other factors that explain the variation between all samples of developmental states and non-developmental states are identifed and discussed,and implications are outlined.