海地高等教育的大众化与公共资金:问题与挑战

Massification and the public financing of higher education in Haiti:issues and challenges

海地的高等教育正在改变,但相关研究较少。本文一方面考察了最近海地高等教育大众化的背景情况,另一方面考察了自20世纪80年代以来高等教育公共资金的投入不足程度。本文强调,尽管海地为满足迅速增加的高等教育社会需求而提供了更多的高等教育供给,但是在近30年中,投入公立大学的微薄公共资金(平均占国内生产总值的0.33%,占国家预算的1.17%)已经阻碍了它们的发展。实际上,尽管投入公立大学的预算与国家总体预算相比略有增加,但是大众化最终导致每名学生所占的公共支出减少,这无助于为可接受的优质教育创造条件,并剥夺了高等教育机构思考社会问题与发展,从而在国家的社会经济发展过程中发挥有效作用的能力。

Haitian higher education is changing,but is little studied.This article examines the conditions under which massification recently occurred,on the one hand,and the extent of the inadequacy of public funding since the 1980 s,on the other.It highlights that despite faster mass supply to address a social demand that is also rising sharply,the meagre public funding(on average,0.33%of gross domestic product,and 1.17%of the state budget)devoted to the financing of public universities over the last 30 years has hindered their development.In fact,despite the modest increase in the budget of public universities compared to the state budget,massification ultimately resulted in a reduction in expenditure per student,which does not help to create the conditions for an acceptable level of quality education,and deprives the sector of its ability to play an effective role in the socio-economic development process of the country by first putting itself in a position to reflect on the problems of society and on its evolution.