立法技术的现状与愿景

Current Status and Vision of Legislative Technology

当代立法中行政立法与立法技术的进步紧密相连、难分彼此。立法的技术逻辑是立法技术的核心和精髓,其旨在将立法者意念中的法律转化为执法者、司法者、守法者可以理解的规则,进而现象化为社会秩序的现实。立法技术中的数理逻辑可以作为防范立法失误的重要提醒和技术保障;数理逻辑使法律语言更为言简意赅;常理逻辑将法理寓于事理,保证立法合乎事理、循于情理;法理逻辑强调理论性、观念性,用法治思维和法治方式推进法治理念落实,指导立法实践。然而当前立法技术在上述逻辑层面依然存在问题,故在未来立法时应努力做到开篇确立原则、破题界定概念、诸法协同共进、排列逻辑一致、避免歧义表述、字词搭配得当、条文删繁就简、内容顺应民意。

In contemporary legislation,the administrative legislation and the advancement of legislative technology are closely connected and inseparable from each other.The core and essence of legislative technology is the technical logic of legislation,which aims to transform the law in the mind of legislators into rules that can be understood by law enforcement department,judicial branch,and law-abiding citizens,and then into the phenomenon of social order in practice.Mathematical logic in legislative technology can be used as an important reminder and technical guarantee to prevent legislative errors;mathematical logic makes legal language more concise;common sense logic embeds legal principles in affair,ensuring that legislation is reasonable and emotionally acceptable;legal logic emphasizes theory and concepts,using rule of law thinking and rule of law method to promote the implementation of the concept of rule of law and to guide legislative practice.However,the current legislative technology still has problems at the above-mentioned logical aspects.Therefore,in future legislation,efforts should be made to establish principles at the beginning,define concepts when breaking topic,coordinate all laws,arrange logically,avoid ambiguity,match words properly,simplify redundant provisions,and make contents conform to the will of the people.