西藏“三岩”片区生态移民的可持续发展研究

Study on Sustainable Development of Ecological Migration in“Sanyan”Area of Deep Poverty-Stricken Areas in Xizang

“三岩”片区地处西藏“三江流域”的高山峡谷区域,域内坡陡沟深,宜农耕地较少,基础设施建设相对落后,公共服务能力较弱,是典型的“一方水土不能养活一方人”的国家级深度贫困区域。21世纪初,西藏依托天然林保护工程,启动了“三岩”片区的生态移民工作,既有效缓解了当地的生态压力,又使生态移民在新家园中过上了幸福生活,也为巩固拓展脱贫成果,全面实施乡村振兴积累了诸多成功经验。但是,生态移民对迁入地生计模式转变的不适应、对社区文化认同度较低,以及自身发展能力不足等问题至今依然没有得到有效解决。因此,本文从进一步发展村集体经济、加强基层组织引领、提高心理认同度、重视文化教育、重视生态移民的可持续增收、移民社区的可持续发展等角度,提出“三岩”片区生态移民的可持续发展路径,以期对全面推进西藏乡村振兴工作提供参考。

The“Sanyan”area is located in the high mountains and canyons of the“Three Rivers Valley”in eastern Xizang.At the beginning of the 21st century,relying on the natural forest protection project,Xizang launched the ecological migration work in the“Sanyan”area.However,the problems of ecological migration,such as in-adaptability to the transformation of the livelihood model in the resettlement area,low recognition of commu⁃nity culture,and insufficient self-development capacity,have not been effectively solved.It is necessary to further develop the collective economy,strengthen the guidance of grass-roots organizations,improve psychological rec⁃ognition,pay attention to cultural education,and attach great importance to the sustainable income increase of eco⁃logical migration and the sustainable development of migrant communities.