新入职警察职业紧张和心理契约对职业适应的影响

The influence of job stress and psychological contract on occupational adaptation of newly-hired policemen

目的探讨新入职警察职业紧张、心理契约与职业适应之间的关系。方法采用方便抽样方法,选择西南某省413名新入职警察为研究对象,采用《中文版知觉压力量表》《心理契约调查问卷》《职业适应问卷》调查其职业紧张、心理契约和职业适应情况,分析职业紧张、心理契约对职业适应的影响。结果研究对象职业紧张、心理契约、职业适应得分分别为(27.6±7.1)、(63.9±16.6)和(56.2±8.6)分。职业紧张得分与职业适应得分呈负相关[相关系数(r)=-0.61,P<0.01];心理契约得分与职业适应得分呈正相关(r=0.59,P<0.01)。层次回归分析结果显示,校正性别、文化程度、婚姻、生育等混杂因素影响后,研究对象职业紧张的失控感维度得分越高,职业适应水平均越低(P<0.01);心理契约的人际契约维度得分越高,职业适应水平越高(P<0.01)。心理契约在职业紧张与职业适应之间起部分中介作用,其中介效应占总效应的12.5%。结论新入职警察的职业紧张和心理契约均可影响其职业适应水平;心理契约在职业紧张对职业适应的影响中发挥部分中介作用。

Objective To explore the relationship among job stress,psychological contract and occupational adaptation in newly-hired policemen.Methods A total of 413 new police officers in a southwest province were selected as the research subjects using convenient sampling method.The Chinese version of Perceived Stress Scale,the Psychological Contract Questionnaire and the Occupational Adaptation Scale were used to investigate their job stress,psychological contract and occupational adaptation respectively.The effects of job stress and psychological contract on occupational adaptation was analyzed.Results The total scores of job stress,psychological contract and occupational adaptation were(27.6±7.1),(63.9±16.6)and(56.2±8.6),respectively.The work pressure of newly-hired police officers was negatively correlated with occupational adaptation[correlation coefficient(r)=-0.61,P<0.01].There was a positive correlation between psychological contract and occupational adaptation(r=0.59,P<0.01).The results of hierarchical regression analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors such as gender,education level,marriage,fertility,the stronger the sense of out of control in work stress,the lower the level of occupational adaptation(P<0.01);the higher the score of psychological contract,the higher the level of occupational adaptation(P<0.01).The psychological contract played a mediating role between job stress and occupational adaption,accounting for 12.5%of the total effect.Conclusion The job stress and psychological contract of the newly-hired policemen can affect their occupational adaptation.Psychological contract plays a partial intermediary role in job stress on occupational adaptation.