新疆塔城托里县那仁苏墓地考古发掘与初步认识

Archaeological excavation and preliminary understanding of the Narensu cemetery in Tuoli County of Tacheng,Xinjiang

2021年4~8月,为配合基本建设,新疆文物考古研究所在托里县那仁苏引水工程水坝淹没区发掘古墓葬72座、祭祀遗迹1处、葬马坑1座。这次考古发掘是目前为止塔城地区规模最大的一次,墓葬年代从铜石并用时代至隋唐时期,类型多样,出土遗物特征明显,填补了塔城地区历史文化的诸多空白,对构建该区域考古学文化序列有重要的意义。尤其是出土的蛋形尖底罐、陨铁刀、铜器、石镞、玛瑙珠、绿松石珠等在新疆早期遗存中比较罕见,具有重要的学术研究价值。

In order to cooperate with the on going construction,from April to August in 2021,the Xinjiang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology has carried out a rescue excavation at a cemetery containing seventy-two burials,one ritual and one horse pits within the submerged area of the Narensu Water Diversion Project in Tuoli County.This excavation is one of the largests in the Tacheng area so far,and the date of the cemetery from the Chalcolithic up to the Sui and Tang Dynasties.The burials are diverse and the characters of the artefacts found at the cemetery are very distinctive.The excavation fills up many gaps of archaeological chronologies in Tacheng area,which is significant for establishing the archaeological and cultural sequence for this region.In particular,the egg-shape pottery with pointed bottom,meteoric iron knives,bronze tools,stone arrowheads,agate and turquoise beads,etc.are rarely found in the early remains of Xinjiang which is significant in the academic research.