灾难印记 心理投影 消灾祈愿——从汉代画像石、壁画、铜镜等镜像看“疾疫”的影响

Disaster Markings, Psychological Projections,and Prayers for Disaster Relief——The influence of “epidemic” from the mirror image of pictorial stones,murals and bronze mirrors of the Han Dynasty

两汉时期频发的疾疫给人民带来深重的灾难,给民族心理留下不可磨灭的印记。这种灾难印记广泛出现在两汉的画像石、壁画和铜镜等镜像资料中。与文学对疾疫的灾难书写不同,汉代镜像资料更多体现的是生动的傩戏驱鬼逐疫场面和对死后升仙之路的向往,反映出"大疫"威胁下人们渴望健康长寿、子孙绵延、家庭兴旺的祈愿。

The frequent epidemics during the Han dynasties brought deep disasters to the people and left an indelible mark on the national psyche.This disaster mark is widely found in the mirror materials such as portrait stones,wall paintings and bronze mirrors of the Han dynasties.Unlike the literary writing on the catastrophe of epidemic,the mirror materials of the Han Dynasty more often reflect the vivid scenes of exorcising ghosts and chasing away epidemics and the yearning for the path of ascending to immortality after death,reflecting the people’s prayers for a long and healthy life,the continuity of their descendants and the prosperity of their families under the threat of pandemic.