积极粉饰下的新闻乌托邦:全球建设性新闻运动的质疑与反思

News Utopia under Positive Frame:questioning and reflection of global constructive journalism

近年来,建设性新闻已经成为全球新闻界流行的学术话语,然而鲜有人提及建设性新闻所面临的风险、窘境和问题。本研究围绕建设性新闻理论和实践争议展开批判性思考,认为建设性新闻与历史上的新闻运动和新闻理念关联密切,缺乏创新根基和独到创见,难以颠覆全球现有新闻业生产模式和叙事框架。就建设性新闻的理论缺陷看,它是一种以正面积极的名义改变信息呈现方式的社会建构,积极导向的主观偏见背离了新闻客观性的追求。同时,建设性新闻抛离了批判性思维的传统思维形态,弱化了负面报道的价值,更难以避免政治化嵌入和商业挪用的操纵风险,以及全球不平等的加速。另外,建设性新闻的行业不适问题层出不穷,空泛、低效的解决方案无法激发民众的建设性行动,也难以应对复杂的社会结构和冲突环境。

Constructive journalism has become a popular academic discourse in journalism on global scale recently,but few scholar realizes its risks,dilemmas and problems.Based on a critical perspective,the study focused on theory and practice of constructive journalism and argues that it is closely related to news movements and news concepts in history.In addition,its proposal lacks innovative foundations and originality as to provide new insights into existing global news industry production models and narrative framework.