新时代以来党史纪录片视觉修辞的符号编码及实践进路

Symbolic Encoding and Practical Progression of Visual Rhetoric in History Documentaries of the Communist Party of China since the New Era

新时代以来,我国党史纪录片创作翻开了崭新的篇章,这类纪录片蕴含了视觉修辞深刻的符号编码,在平静的叙事中彰显出种种视觉修辞之美。基于视觉修辞对特定符号编码的使用,以修辞技巧进行劝服和表征实践的理论路径,研究发现党史纪录片将人物、数据等作为纪实陈述的符号象征,以客观事实的呈现获得传播对象的认同;将笑容、握手等作为情感渲染的符号象征,调动观众的情绪以达到共情的目的;将山河、天空等作为情景框架的符号象征,以契合空灵语境下自然而然产生的认同价值。并且,研究发现党史纪录片在符号象征与图文构成的合力下,对受众进行情感的唤醒与调用,实现了视觉修辞与认同目的的达成。最后,研究提出了未来党史纪录片创作中的“催化剂”“风向标”“加速器”“动力源”等策略进路,以优化该类纪录片的受众认同。

Since the new era,the creation of party history documentaries in China has opened a brand new chapter,and such documentaries contain profound symbolic coding of visual rhetoric,which highlights the beauty of all kinds of visual rhetoric in the calm narrative.Based on the theoretical path that visual rhetoric uses specific symbolic codes to persuade and characterize the practice with rhetorical skills,the study found that party history documentaries use characters and data as symbolic symbols of factual statements to obtain the recognition of the communication object with the presentation of objective facts;smile,handshake,etc.,as symbolic symbols of emotional rendering,to mobilize the audience's emotions to achieve the purpose of sympathy;mountains,rivers,skies,etc.,as symbolic symbols of the scenario framework,to fit the narrative and the story.The symbolic symbols of mountains,rivers,sky,etc.are used as scenarios to fit the recognition value naturally generated in the ethereal context.Moreover,the study finds that the Party history documentary,under the combined force of symbols and graphics,awakens and calls on the emotions of the audience,realizing the visual rhetoric and the purpose of identification.Finally,the study proposes“catalyst”,“wind vane”,“accelerator”,“power source”and other strategies in the creation of future Party history documentaries in order to optimize the audience recognition of this kind of documentary.