疫情影响下的全球治理:碎片化与中等强国的角色

Global Governance amid the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic:Fragmentation and the Role of Middle Powers

世界正面临着第二次世界大战以来最严重的全球危机。不仅各国政府正在尽其所能改善国内公共卫生管理,而且国际社会也迫切需要改善全球治理。然而,面对这场全球性危机,世界没有应有的团结。相反,美国推进对抗性竞争战略以维护世界霸权,其政客试图将预防和控制政治化,破坏全球协调机制。这使得全球治理的缺陷进一步暴露,碎片化趋势进一步呈现,大国竞争及权势转移的趋势更为明显。可预见的未来,全球治理进程更有可能采用区域形式。适应全球治理的迫切需求,中等强国在全球治理中的多重作用空间显著扩大,多数选择平衡外交政策,力主践行多边主义,扮演"催化剂""搭桥者"角色,赢得全球影响力;不过"追随者"角色也让部分中等强国暴露出能力上的弱点与外交独立性的不足。

The world is now experiencing the most serious global crisis since the second World War.Not only are governments of countries doing everything they can to improve domestic public health management,but there is also an urgent need for the international community to improve global governance.In the face of this global crisis,however,the world does not have the unity it deserves.On the contrary,the United States promotes the strategy of confrontational competition to maintain world hegemony.Its politicians try to politicize the work of epidemic prevention and control,destroy the global coordination mechanism,which further exposes the shortcomings of global governance,and the trend of great power competition and power transfer is more obvious.In the foreseeable future,the transition of global governance is more likely to take the regional form.In the face of competition from great powers,the space for middle powers to play a role has expanded significantly.Most of middle powers choose to balance foreign policies,advocate multilateralism,act as"catalyst"and"bridge"to win global influence.Nevertheless,the role of"follower"also exposes the weakness of capacity and the lack of diplomatic independence of some middle powers.Global governance system should be reshaped to adapt to the new stage of globalization,which firmly revitalizes multilateralism,promote consensus among major powers,enhance the authority and political legitimacy of global governance.