禽流感病毒感染哺乳动物模型研究进展

The progress in research on mammalian models for avian influenza virus infection

禽流感(avian influenza,AI)是由禽流感病毒(avian influenza virus,AIV)引起的以人类和禽类的呼吸道与消化道为主要病变部位的人兽共患病。良好动物模型的建立可以更好地了解AI的流行病学特点、致病性和病理症状以及AIV的跨种传播机制,为人类预防和治疗AI提供可靠的依据。本综述主要概括了常见AIV感染哺乳动物模型的方式,接种AIV后的临床特征、病理变化、病毒复制情况及免疫后的抗体水平等,为AIV的试验研究提供必要的参考。

Avian influenza(AI),caused by avian influenza viruses(AIVs),is a zoonosis in respiratory and digestive tracts of humans and poultry as the main location of pathological changes.Establishment of a good animal model can help us better understand the epidemiological characteristics,pathogenicity and pathological symptoms of AI,as well as the inter-species transmission mechanism of AIV,and can provide a reliable basis for preventing and treating AI in humans.This paper summarizes and reviews the viral infection modes of common AIV mammal models,the clinical features,pathological changes,viral replication and antibody levels after inoculation of AIV,and provides a necessary reference for the experimental studies of AIV.