影响马胚胎移植成功率的关键因素分析

The Analysis of Key Factors Affecting the Success Rate of Equine Embryo Transfer

旨在探讨影响马胚胎移植效率的几种关键因素。本研究统计了国内北京马场、河北马场和山东马场2013-2018年胚胎移植数据,3个马场供体马数量分别为15、21和25匹,受体母马数量分别为56、50和75匹。所有母马年龄为3~12岁。统计供体马冲胚时间对胚胎回收率的影响;胚胎日龄对移植后受体马妊娠率的影响;供、受体母马排卵同期化程度对移植后妊娠率的影响;受体母马居住移植基地时间对移植后妊娠率的影响。结果显示,母马在配种季节注射前列腺素(PG)+GnRH类似物或PG+hCG诱发排卵,发情周期分别为(14.5±0.8)和(14.3±1.1)d,显著低于对照组的((20.5±2.6)d,P<0.05);排卵后第8天冲洗子宫的胚胎回收率均高于第7天,但差异不显著;8日龄胚胎移植后受体马的妊娠率均高于7日龄,差异不显著;供体母马排卵比受体母马早1 d时,胚胎移植后的妊娠率最高;受体母马在移植基地居住时间大于1年时,移植后妊娠率高于居住时间小于0.5年的受体马。根据以上结果,本研究得出如下结论,PG与hCG或GnRH类似物联合使用可缩短母马发情周期,母马排卵后第8天的胚胎回收率和移植后妊娠率较高,胚胎移植时选择居住时间大于1年且排卵时间比供体晚1 d的母马作受体。

This study aimed to research factors affecting the efficiency of equine embryo transfer.The data of embryo transfer in 3 horse farms from 2013 to 2018 were analyzed.The number of donor horses in the 3 farms were 15,21 and 25,respectively,and the number of recipient mares were 56,50 and 75 respectively.All mares were 3 to 12 years old.The following items were counted:The effect of flushing day post ovulation of donor horses on the embryo recovery rate;The effect of embryonic age on the pregnancy rate of recipient mares after transplantation;The effect of the degree of ovulation synchronization of the donor and recipient mares on the pregnancy rate after transplantation;The effect of residence time at farm of recipient mares on pregnancy rate after transplantation.The results indicated that,mares were injected with prostaglandin(PG)+GnRH analogues or PG+hCG to induce ovulation during the breeding season,the estrous cycle were(14.5±0.8)and(14.3±1.1)d,respectively,which was significantly lower than the control group((20.5±2.6)d,P<0.05).The embryo recovery rate of washing the uterus on the 8 th day after ovulation was higher than that on the 7 th day,but the difference was not significant;The pregnancy rate of recipient horses after 8-day-old embryo transfer was higher than that of 7-day-old,and the difference was not significant;After embryo tranfer,the recipients which ovulated 1 day later than donors had the highest pregnancy rate.When the residence time at farm of recipients was longer than 1 year,the pregnancy rate was significantly higher than those shorter than 0.5 year.In conclusion,the injection of PG+hCG or PG+GnRH anologue could shorten estrus cycle of mares.The embryo recovery rate and the pregnancy rate after transplantation of the 8 th day embryo after ovulation were higher.When the embryos were transplanted,the mares with the residence time at farm more than 1 year and the ovulation time 1 day later than the donors were used as recipients.