摘要
向死存在对智慧产生了怎样的影响?三种观点及相关证据回答了这个问题,并提供了解释机制:(1)向死存在助推智慧,使人谦卑、超越、利他、公平和宽容等,其主要解释机制是创伤后成长理论;(2)向死存在阻碍智慧,引起心理不健康、自我服务偏见、内群体偏见、贪婪、物质主义等,其主要解释机制是恐惧管理理论;(3)向死存在是否助推智慧受到如自尊、权力感、自我构念、政治信念、宗教信仰等多种因素的调节。文末评价了过去研究中存在的问题,即概念界定问题、向死存在的心理阶段性问题和文化世界观的内涵问题,并提出了化解之道。
How does"being towards death"influence wisdom?There are three main perspectives with respective evidences and mechanisms to answer this question.(1)Being towards death makes people humble,transcend,altruistic,fair and tolerant,etc.The mechanism behind it is the post-traumatic growth theory;(2)Being towards death makes people mentally unhealthy,being self-serving Prejudice,being internal group bias,greed,materialism.The mechanism behind it is terror management theory;(3)Being towards death to promote wisdom is moderated by some factors,for instance,self-respect,sense of power,self-construal,political belief,religious belief.At the end of the paper,three problems are found in the past research:the definition of concepts,the psychological phase of"being towards death"and the connotation of the cultural worldview.Thus,we propose some methods to resolve them.
作者
李抗
汪凤炎
王振东
史娟
魏新东
熊咪咪
Li Kang;Wang Fengyan;Wang Zhendong;Shi Juan;Wei Xindong;Xiong Mimi(School of Psychology,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097;Institute of Moral Education Research,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097)
出处
《心理学探新》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期58-63,共6页
Psychological Exploration
基金
国家自然科学基金(31971014).
关键词
向死存在
死亡提醒
死亡反省
恐惧管理理论
智慧
being towards death
mortality salience
death reflection
terror management theory
wisdom
