不同提取工艺山茶籽油的品质分析研究

Analytical Study on Quality of Camellia Seed Oils Obtained by Different Processes

以山茶籽为原料,通过对物理冷榨、热榨、超临界流体萃取、溶剂浸提以及超声提取5种不同方法制得的山茶籽油的主要活性成分含量、理化指标、安全性指标(黄曲霉毒素B1、苯并[a]芘)和脂肪酸组成的测定,分析比较不同提取工艺对山茶籽油品质的影响。结果表明:不同制备工艺所得的山茶籽油理化指标(水分、酸值、过氧化值、碘值和皂化值)差异明显,热榨工艺产品中检出微量的苯并[a]芘;不同提取工艺对山茶籽油中活性成分的含量存在显著影响;不同提取方法所得山茶籽油在饱和脂肪酸和不饱和脂肪酸的种类和相对含量上略有差异,但差异不显著。

Using Camellia seed as raw material,the Camellia seed oils were prepared by cold pressing,hot pressing,supercritical fluid extraction,solvent extraction and ultrasonic extraction.The contents of main active components,physical and chemical specifications,safety specifications(Aflatoxins B1,Benzo[a]Pyrene),and fatty acid composition of Camellia seed oils obtained by each method were determined and compared.The results showed that the physical and chemical specifications(water content,acid value,peroxide value,iodine value and saponification value)of Camellia seed oils obtained by different processes were significantly different.Trace amounts of Benzo[a]Pyrene were detected in oil obtained by hot pressing process.The contents of active components in Camellia seed oil were significantly affected by different processes.The type and relative content of saturated fatty acid and unsaturated fatty acid in oils obtained by different methods were slightly different.