水稻生物学特性对稻田甲烷排放的影响

Rice Biological Characteristics: Effects on Methane Emission from Paddy Fields

为了阐明水稻品种与稻田甲烷排放的关系,为培育低甲烷水稻品种提供科学依据。本研究从水稻植株形态特征和生物学特性等方面,论述水稻植株与甲烷排放的关系。水稻根系主要通过根系分泌物和根系泌氧能力二个方面影响甲烷气体的生成和氧化;水稻分蘖特性主要影响甲烷气体的排放;水稻叶片则通过光合作用和蒸腾作用二个方面分别影响甲烷气体的产生和排放;水稻籽粒的灌浆特性主要通过与根系争夺碳水化合物而影响甲烷的产量。这些因素既相互独立又相互协调影响水稻稻田的甲烷排放。

To clarify the relationship between rice varieties and methane emission from paddy fields,and provide a basis for cultivating low methane rice varieties,in this study,we discussed the relationship between rice plant and methane emission from two aspects of plant morphological and biological characteristics.It is found that:rice roots mainly affect the methane production and oxidation through root exudates and root oxygen secretion capacity;rice tillering characteristics mainly affect methane emission;methane production and emission are affected by photosynthesis and transpiration of rice leaves;the influence of rice grain filling characteristics on methane production is mainly due to the competition of carbohydrates with roots.These factors affect the methane emission of paddy fields independently and coordinately.