白俄罗斯戏剧的奠基人:弗拉迪斯瓦夫·古卢博克

Vladislav Golubok as a Founder of the Belarusian Theatre

弗拉迪斯瓦夫·古卢博克是白俄罗斯导演的先驱。他多才多艺,集导演、演员、音乐家、画家、剧作家于一身,曾长期领导自己创立的剧团。20世纪20~30年代,恰逢白俄罗斯共和国建国伊始,国家文化政策初具雏形,第一批剧院开始建立,古卢博克的戏剧事业也由此起步。他带领一批业余人员开始学习戏剧技艺,并将他们逐步培养成专业人员。他提倡演员的表演直觉,即演员应该遵从直觉,遵从自身和他人的生活经验,基于自己对角色的仔细研判来进行表演。他认为农村群众首先应接触戏剧,他们才是戏剧作品最好的受众。因此他的剧团主要在首都明斯克以外的地区和乡村进行演出。他和他的剧团虽然取得了巨大成功,但他们在经济上却十分拮据。这一状况直到20世纪30年代早期才有了改善,那时他们终于拥有了自己的剧院。然而,他没能为剧院效力太久,很快他就遭到逮捕并被枪决。

The article focuses on the creative path of one of the leading Belarusian directorsVladislav Golubok.He founded his own team which he led for many years.He was a Renaissance man:director,actor,musician,painter,and playwright.It was in the 20-30 s of the 20 th century when the Republic of Belarus was established.The state’s cultural policy began to take shape and the first theatres were established.That was when Golubok’s theatre started to work.It was a group of amateurs who gradually learned skills and became professional over time.Golubok was a supporter of the actor’s intuitive method.It consisted in the fact that the actor should have been based on his own life experiences,the experiences of people he knows,intuition and his own vision of the character he is to play.He needs to carefully analyze his role in order to play it best.Golubok was convinced that,first of all,the rural population needed contact with the theatre,they were the best recipients of a theatrical work.That is why his band performed mainly in the provinces and in the countryside.Despite the huge success,Golubok and his team had huge financial difficulties.The situation changed only in the early 1930 s,when the theatre group finally got its own building.However,Golubok did not have the opportunity to work there for a long time:he was arrested and soon shot.