喀什市4980例慢阻肺患者临床特征分析

Clinical characteristics of 4980 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Kashi

目的通过探究喀什市4980例慢阻肺患者临床特征,以期更好地理解该病种的诊治方法。方法从喀什地区第一人民医院HIS系统中收集2018年~2020年,以COPD诊断住院的4980例患者的一般信息及临床资料,采用卡方检验和单因素方差分析2018年~2020年COPD患者各月份分布、肺功能严重程度、合并基础疾病、呼吸衰竭等分布情况。结果(1)COPD患者高峰年龄段在60~74岁之间。以退离休人员及农民人数居多,女性高于男性。而不吸烟的COPD患者人数逐年增加。(2)COPD患者的NEUT(%)、ESR(mm/h)、PCT(ng/ml)、hsCRP(mg/L)及住院天数水平相比有显著变化。大多数患者会服用抗生素药物(不含大环内酯类),中成药使用人数在逐年增多;(3)COPD患者发病时间主要在秋冬季节、肺功能严重分级主要集中在GOLDⅡ、Ⅲ级;(4)Ⅱ呼吸衰竭COPD是最常见的病因,且肺源性心脏病、高血压病病例人数逐年增多。结论COPD住院患者,以老年人居多,咳嗽、咳痰、气促为主要临床症状,好发于秋冬季节;临床检验指标NEUT、ESR、PCT、hsCRP、住院天数水平有明显变化,Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭是COPD最常见的并发症。

Objective The clinical characteristics of 4980 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)in Kashgar city were studied in order to better understand the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.Methods General information and clinical data of 4980 hospitalized patients diagnosed with COPD from 2018 to 2020 were collected from HIS system at the first people′s hospital of Kashgar Region.Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the distribution of COPD patients in each month,pulmonary function severity,combined underlying diseases,respiratory failure,etc.Results(1)The peak age of COPD patients was between 60 and 74 years old.Most of the patients were retirees and farmers,and women patients are higher than men patients.The number of COPD patients who did not smoke increased year by year.(2)There were significant changes in NEUT(%),ESR(mm/h),PCT(ng/ml),hsCRP(mg/L)and hospitalization days in COPD patients.Most patients will take antibiotics(excluding macrolides),and the number of users taking chinese patent medicines is increasing year by year.(3)The onset time of COPD patients was mainly in autumn and winter,and the severity grade of pulmonary function was mainly in grade GOLDⅡandⅢ.(4)ⅡRespiratory failure COPD is the most common,and the number of cases of pulmonary heart disease and hypertension is increasing year by year.Conclusion Most of the hospitalized patients with COPD are the elderly patients.The main clinical symptoms are cough,expectoration and shortness of breath,which usually occur in autumn and winter;Clinical indicators NEUT,ESR,PCT,hsCRP,length of stay were significantly changed,and type II respiratory failure was the most common complication of COPD.