NICU新生儿主要照护者照护能力的调查与分析

Investigation and analysis of the caregiving ability of neonatal primary caregivers in NICU

目的了解新生儿重症监护室(Neonatal Intensive Care Unit,NICU)住院患儿主要照护者照护能力及水平,并分析其影响因素;方法采用早产儿主要照护者照护能力自评表对260例NICU住院患儿主要照护者进行调查;结果NICU住院患儿的主要照护者照护能力总分为(56.19±6.62)分,多元线性回归分析结果显示,照护者年龄、学历,新生儿胎龄、胎次及住院天数均为影响照护者照护能力的独立危险因素,决定系数R^(2)为0.583(P<0.05),NICU新生儿主要照护者照护能力变异的58.3%可由照护者年龄、学历,新生儿胎龄、胎次及住院天数来解释;结论我院NICU住院患儿主要照护者的照护能力处于较低水平,照护者年龄、学历及新生儿胎龄、胎次、住院天数是影响其照护能力的重要因素,医务人员应重点关注高龄产妇、初产妇、文化知识水平相对较低以及胎龄较小住院天数较长患儿的家属,给予其个性化居家延续性护理的出院指导。

Objective To understand the care capacity and quality of main caregivers in Neonatal Intensive care units(NICU),and to analyze the influencing factors.Methods 260 primary caregivers of hospitalized infants with NICU were investigated by using the self-evaluation form of the primary caregivers'caring ability.Results The total score of the main caregivers'caring ability of hospitalized NICU children was(56.19±6.62)points.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the caregivers'age,education,gestational age,gestational number of newborns and length of stay were all independent risk factors affecting the caregivers'caring ability,and the coefficient of determination R^(2)was 0.583(P<0.05).These results indicated that 58.3%of the variation in the caring ability of neonatal primary caregivers in NICU could be explained by the caregiver's age,educational background,gestational age,gestational number and hospital stay of newborns.Conclusion The nursing ability of the main caregivers of NICU hospitalized children in our hospital is at a low level,and the age,education,gestational age,gestational number and length of hospital stay of the caregivers are important factors affecting their nursing ability.Medical staff should focus on the family members of elderly parturients,primiparas,and those with relatively low level of education and knowledge,and those whose children with smaller gestational age and longer hospital stay,and give them personalized home continuity care discharge guidance.