福州地区15257例呼吸道感染病原体IgM临床分析讨论

Clinical analysis of pathogen IgM in 15257 cases of respiratory tract infection in Fuzhou

目的分析福州市呼吸道感染患者常见病原体IgM抗体检出及分布情况,为呼吸道病原体的预防控制提供理论依据。方法收集福州某医院就诊的具有急性呼吸道症状患者共15257例,采集血清标本对8种常见呼吸道病原体IgM抗体进行检测,并对病原体的流行病学特征进行统计学分析。结果15257例患者中,至少检出1种病原体IgM抗体的患者占18.33%,其中肺炎支原体检出率最高。嗜肺军团菌及肺炎支原体在不同性别中检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),除呼吸道合胞病毒外,其余病原体在不同季节组间的检出率差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);合并感染以甲型流感病毒联合乙型流感病毒的模式最为多见。多项病原体在新冠疫情暴发前后的检出率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论福州地区呼吸道病原体检出率以肺炎支原体最高,冬季是甲型流感病毒及肺炎支原体感染的高发季节,呼吸道病原体的感染与患者年龄、性别有关,增强个人防护措施有助于减少病原体的传播。

Objective The detection and distribution of IgM antibodies to common pathogens in Fuzhou respiratory tract infection patients were analyzed to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of respiratory pathogens.Methods A total of 15,257 patients with acute respiratory symptoms from a hospital in Fuzhou were collected,and serum specimens were collected to detect IgM antibodies to 8 common respiratory pathogens,and the epidemiological characteristics of the pathogens were statistically analyzed.Results Among the 15,257 patients,18.33%detected at least 1 pathogen IgM antibody,of which the highest detection rate was mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP).The detection rates of legionella pneumophila(LP)and MP varied between different genders(P<0.05).Except for respiratory syncytial viruses(RSV),the remaining pathogens were statistically different among groups in different seasons(P<0.05).The most common combined infection pattern was influenza A virus(IFNA)plus influenza B virus(IFNB).The detection rates of multiple pathogens before and after the COVID-19 epidemic were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion MP is the highest respiratory pathogens in respiratory tract in Fuzhou,and winter is the high incidence season of IFNA and MP infection.The infection of respiratory pathogens is related to the age and gender.Strengthen personal protective measures helps to reduce the spread of pathogens.