2012~2021年深圳市福田区学校及托幼机构水痘聚集性疫情流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of cluster outbreak of varicella in schools and kindergartens in Futian District of Shenzhen from 2012 to 2021

目的分析深圳市福田区2012~2021年水痘聚集性疫情的流行特征,为制定预防控制措施提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对疫情流行病学特征进行描述,并进行相关因素统计学分析。结果2012-2021年深圳市福田区共上报水痘聚集性疫情73起,罹患率6.13%;疫情发生时间集中在9月-12月(共42起,占57.53%)和4月-6月(共24起,占32.88%);小学上报疫情数量最多(80.82%),上报率小学>中学>托幼机构(P<0.05);发现报告越早,疫情持续时间越短(rs=0.746,P<0.001);规模越大的疫情,其迟报现象越明显(P<0.05)。结论水痘聚集性疫情发生有明确的风险人群和流行时间,及早发现上报疫情可有效控制疫情规模和减少疫情持续时间。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of cluster outbreak of varicella in schools and kindergartens in Futian District of Shenzhen from 2012 to 2021,aiming to provide a scientific basis for effective prevention and control.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze epidemiological characteristics and statistical analysis were used to analyze relative factors of the cluster outbreak of varicella.Results A total of 73 cases of cluster outbreak of varicella were reported in Futian District of Shenzhen City from 2012 to 2021,with an incidence of 6.13%.The outbreaks peaked was from September to December(a total of 42 cases,accounting for 57.53%)and from April to June(a total of 24 cases,accounting for 32.88%).The reporting number of primary school was higher than other kinds of school(80.82%),and the reporting rate of primary school was also higher than other kinds of school(P<0.05).The earlier an outbreak is reported,the shorter its duration(rs=0.746,P<0.001).The larger the size of the outbreak,the more pronounced its late reporting(P<0.05).Conclusion The occurrence of cluster outbreak of varicella has a clear risk population and epidemic time.Early detection and reporting of outbreaks can effectively control the scale and reduce the duration of the outbreak.