新疆福海县35岁及以上人群正常高值血压的现况调查

Epidemiological survey of prehypertension in people aged 35 and above in Fuhai County

目的了解新疆福海县35岁及以上人群正常高值血压的现况及其特点,确定重点防控人群,为该县制定有效的高血压的防控策略和措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,于2015年对新疆福海县≥35岁本地户籍居民开展人口学特征和生活方式问卷调查及身高、体重、腰围和血压测量等体格检查。正常高值血压诊断标准:收缩压120~139mm Hg和/或舒张压80~89 mm Hg。结果(1)共调查该地区35岁及以上人群786人(女性占53.7%),平均年龄(54.3±13.2)岁,其中汉族465(59.2%)人,哈萨克族303(38.5%)人,平均收缩压水平126.2±19.5 mmHg、平均舒张压水平75.1±11.9mm Hg。(2)研究人群中40.7%为正常血压,高血压的患病率为26.3%,正常高值血压的检出率为33.0%,且随着年龄增加,正常高值血压的检出率逐渐升高(χ2=19.613,P=0.001);进行年龄标化后,女性的正常高值血压的检出率(标化率33.1%)略高于男性(标化率32.3%),但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(3)汉族、哈萨克族人群正常高值血压的检出标化率分别为33.5%、33.3%,汉族人群较高且差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.520,P=0.035)。超重人群正常高值血压的检出率(标化率37.4%)高于正常体重及肥胖人群(标化率27.4%、35.0%),且差异有统计学意义(χ2=117.741,P<0.001)。与外周型肥胖人群(标化率29.9%)相比,腹型肥胖人群(标化率36.6%)正常高值血压的检出率较高且差异有统计学意义(χ2=94.086,P<0.001)。结论新疆福海县35岁及以上人群正常高值血压的检出率低于全国水平,高龄、超重、中心性肥胖特征人群是该地区正常高值血压的重点防控人群。

Objective To explore the present status of prehypertension in people aged 35 and over in Fuhai County of Xinjiang province,so as to provide a reliable evidence for the prevention and treatment of hypertension in this area.Methods A multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method was adopted to carry out demographic characteristics and lifestyle questionnaire survey and physical examination such as height,weight,waist circumference and blood pressure measurement among local residents aged≥35 years in Fuhai County of Xinjiang in 2015.Normal high blood pressure diagnostic criteria was systolic blood pressure was 120~139 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure was 80~89 mm Hg.Results(1)A total of 786 people(53.7%women)aged 35 and above were investigated in this area,with an average age of 54.3±13.2 years,including 465(59.2%)of Han nationality,303(38.5%)of Kazak nationality,with an average systolic blood pressure of 126.2±19.5 mm Hg and an average diastolic blood pressure of 75.1±11.9 m Hg.(2)Of the people,40.6%were normotension,26.7%were hypertension,the detection rate of prehypertension in the study was 33.0%,and with the increase of age,the detection rate of prehypertension gradually increased(χ2=19.613,P=0.001).After age standardization,the detection rate of prehypertension in women(33.1%)was slightly higher than that in men(32.3%),but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).(3)The standardized rates of prehypertension in Han and Kazak were 33.5%and 33.3%respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=13.520,P=0.035).The detection rate of prehypertension in overweight group(37.4%)was higher than that in normal weight and obesity group(27.4%and 35.0%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=117.741,P<0.001).Compared with the peripheral obesity group(standardized rate 29.9%),the abdominal obesity group(standardized rate 36.6%)had a higher detection rate of prehypertension and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=94.086,P<0.001).Conclusion The detection rate of prehypertension is lower in the population aged 35 and above in Fuhai County.The elderly,overweight and central obesity are the key population for prevention and control.