中国智造业竞争力调研分析

An Investigation on the Competitiveness of Intelligent Manufacturing in China

智能制造是供给侧结构性改革的"短板"之一,是未来我国产业国际竞争力的关键;其关键不仅仅是智能产品规模,更在于智能生产过程。根据企业调研综合考察,我国智能制造处于初级发展阶段,呈现出多线并进的发展趋势;智能制造区际分布不均衡,与传统制造业具有空间分布相似性;智能制造面临传统制造的产业链难题,核心元器件、智能化生产设备依赖进口;智能制造组织系统(IMS)亟待提升,亟需IMS提供商;需要培育智能制造产业公地核心体系。对比智能制造先行者的步伐及其动态目标,总体来看,目前我国智能制造完成了不到30%的进程;其中,智能制造技术和智能制造组织系统是产业竞争力的两大短板,各自完成了约20%的进程。根据调研预测,2025年我国智能制造能达到超过50%的进程;2035年达到70%的进程;2045年达到90%的进程。为此,需要多管齐下,采取综合措施,提升我国智能制造竞争力。

Intelligent Manufacturing(IM)is one of weak links in the Supply-side Reform.Instead of emphasizing the product quantity,we should give priority to the process of IM itself,for it is vital to the competitiveness of China’s industries in the future.China should upgrade from Traditional Manufacturing(TM)to IM.According to our investigation across the mainland,IM is still on the initial stage.Regional distribution of IM is out of balance,similar to that of TM.The problem of IM is that almost all key components and automatic equipments have to be imported.So it is urgent to upgrade the whole intelligent manufacturing system(IMS),but we are badly short of qualified IMS providers.Industrial commons of IM is a poor system and it is important to build the service platform for the whole industrial chains.Compared with IM of developed countries,China’s IM in general has covered less than 30%of its development process.Based on our research,it is predicted that China’s IM will reach its middle stage of development by 2025,and will complete 70%and 90%of its development process by 2035 and 2045 respectively.This paper concludes by presenting a number of measures to promote the competitiveness of China’s IM.