从玄言诗的历史评价论文学接受对文学创作的影响

Reflection on Literary Creation from the Analyses of "Highbrow" Xuanyan Poems(Metaphysical Poems) Find Few Fans

东晋时期风靡一朝的玄言诗,在中国文学的长河中是转瞬即逝的浪花。尴尬地存身于建安风骨和山水田园风流之间,玄言诗在后世的文学史中,或受诟病,或是被一笔带过。当时流行与历时流传遭遇冷落之间形成巨大对比,这在中国文学史上十分罕见。具有鲜明时代特征的玄言诗脱胎于玄学思想,试图通过平淡、玄远的表达平复心绪,忘却现实的痛苦。这种既想表达自己,又想不刻意为文的矛盾态度使其审美旨趣,与中国诗歌"言志""缘情"传统大相径庭,也与中国诗歌批评的两大流派格格不入。从传播学方面进行考察,玄言诗的传播主体随时代而凋零;传播环境随着时间流转更加恶劣;传播内容脱离传播对象,极少能够引起情感共鸣;传播方式相对单一;传播效果自然不如人意。通过对玄言诗东晋时广受欢迎的原因与历时受批评的结果进行分析,从读者接受方面来梳理玄言诗的遭遇对文学创作的启发,避免作品创作时带有过于强烈的时代特征,而失去审美传统的青睐。

The most beloved literature style—Xuanyan Poems(Metaphysical Poems)in Eastern Jin Period,became a fleeting spray at last in the long river of Chinese poetry.It is neglected or criticized in the history of Chinese literary,esp.when comparing with Wei-Jin Style and Landscape Poetry.The huge gap between synchronic popularity and diachronic criticism is very rare.The article attempts to find out some inspirations for literature creation by analyzing the reason why this difference happens with characteristics of the period,features of the original poems and the ways of its spreading.