某中学一起水痘聚集性疫情的流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation of a varicella cluster in a middle school

调查一起发生在某中学的水痘聚集性疫情,分析其发生的原因和特点。该起疫情罹患率为0.78%(21/2700),均为轻症,无并发症发生。21例病例中接种2剂次水痘减毒活疫苗的4人,1剂次的5人;突破病例9例,占42.86%,其余12例均无水痘疫苗免疫史,占57.14%。水痘易在学校聚集或流行,按时晨午检,及早发现病例,及时采取有效防控措施,控制疫情蔓延。

This paper investigates a cluster of varicella outbreaks in a middle school and analyzes its causes and characteristics.The incidence rate of this outbreak was 0.78%(21/2700),all of which were mild and uncomplicated.Among the 21 cases,4 people received 2 doses of live attenuated varicella vaccine and 5 people received 1 dose.There were 9 breakthrough cases,accounting for 42.86%,and the remaining 12 cases had no immunization history of varicella vaccine,accounting for 57.14%.Varicella is easy to gather or epidemic in schools,so timely morning and noon inspections should be carried out to detect cases as soon as possible,and effective prevention and control measures should be taken in time to control the spread of the epidemic.