应用“知信行”模式对社区原发性骨质疏松症的综合管理实证研究

An empirical study on comprehensive management of primary osteoporosis in community using“knowledge,attitude and practice”model

目的通过实证研究探究应用“知信行”模式对社区原发性骨质疏松症进行综合管理的影响。方法选取2018年10月—2020年10月某医院收治的原发性骨质疏松症患者80例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组各40例,对照组采用常规护理,观察组应用“知信行”模式进行护理干预。采用重复测量方差分析,比较干预前、干预6个月后两组患者疾病认知、健康信念及自我效能得分的差异。结果干预后,观察组疾病认知、健康信念及自我效能得分总分(86.98±8.01,172.20±24.82,73.05±6.36)均明显高于干预前(59.03±17.24,138.84±28.27,61.41±7.26),差异有统计学意义(t=2.261、2.353、2.021,P=0.031、0.022、0.041);也明显高于对照组(67.08±12.21,153.49±25.32,65.39±7.03),差异有统计学意义(t=2.312、2.008、2.242,P=0.027、0.044、0.033)。结论应用“知信行”模式对原发性骨质疏松症患者进行社区综合管理,能有效提高患者的疾病认知水平、健康信念及自我效能,值得推广。

Objective To investigate the effect of the application of the“knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)”model on the comprehensive management of primary osteoporosis in the community through empirical research.Methods A total of 80 patients with primary osteoporosis admitted to a hospital from October 2018 to October 2020 were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group,with 40 cases in each group.The control group used usual care,and the observation group used the“KAP”model for nursing intervention.Repeated measures of ANOVA were used to compare the differences in disease cognition,health beliefs,and self-efficacy scores between the two groups before the intervention and six months after the intervention.Results After the intervention,the total scores of disease cognition,health beliefs,and self-efficacy in the observation group were(86.98±8.01,172.20±24.82,73.05±6.36),significantly higher than those before the intervention:(59.03±17.24,138.84±28.27,61.41±7.26),and the differences were statistically significant(t=2.261,2.353,2.021,P=0.031,0.022,0.041).It was also significantly higher than that of the control group(67.08±12.21,153.49±25.32,65.39±7.03),and the differences were statistically significant(t=2.312,2.008,2.242,P=0.027,0.044,0.033).Conclusion The application of the“KAP”model for the comprehensive community management of patients with primary osteoporosis can effectively improve the disease cognition level,health beliefs,and self-efficacy of patients,which is worth promoting.