积极行为支持对孤独症学生课堂干扰行为干预的研究进展

A Study on the Research Progress of Positive behavior Intervention on Classroom Distraction Behavior of Autistic Students

孤独症学生的课堂干扰行为不仅会影响其自身课堂学习效率,而且会扰乱教师的正常上课秩序。文章通过梳理积极行为支持的实践研究,发现孤独症学生课堂干扰行为主要有离座行为、语言干扰等;课堂干扰行为的功能评估主要有描述性评估和间接性评估两种方法;问题行为功能可分为正强化、负强化和获得自我刺激。在功能评估的基础上,干预策略主要为基于情境和前奏事件的干预策略,基于行为的干预策略和基于行为结果的干预策略。研究发现,积极行为支持能有效减少孤独症学生的课堂干扰行为,由此结果为干预孤独症学生的课堂干扰行为提供参考依据。

The distraction behaviors of autistic students not only reduce the quality of learning of themselves,but also disturbs the class order as well.Based on the results of the former study on positive behavior support,this article analyzes the behaviors of the students and functional evaluation of the behaviors.The results classify the classroom distraction behavior of autistic students into:off-seat behavior,language interference,etc.;And the functional evaluation of problem behaviors is classified into descriptive evaluation and indirect one.In addition,the functions of the problem behavior can be divided into positive reinforcement,negative reinforcement,and self-stimulation.On the basis of functional evaluation,the intervention strategies are classified into situation-based strategies and prelude event-based ones.On the basis of intervention behavior strategies,the strategy can be divided into behavior-based ones,and the results of intervention behaviors.The results of studies show that positive behavior support can reduce the classroom interference behavior of autistic students efficiently.The result can provide a reference for the intervention of classroom interference behaviors of autistic students.