道经故训材料与词汇训诂研究

Research on Annotations of Taoist Scriptures and on Lexical Exegesis

道教在近两千年的传播过程中,不断有后代道士或学者为前代经书作注,这些道经注释文献以及散布其中的故训材料,是训诂学、词汇史研究的重要语料。道经故训材料,数量相当可观,本文以具体词目为例,论述六个方面的问题,分别为道经故训材料与道教文化词研究、道经故训材料与方俗词研究、道经故训材料与复音化研究、道经故训材料与同义词辨析、道经故训材料与汉语的语词理据研究、道经故训材料与同物异名研究。目前,道经训诂是中国训诂学研究的空白点,应当将其纳入训诂学研究的视野。加强对道经故训材料的发掘与研究,有助于开拓训诂学研究的新域。

In the course of the spread of Taoism over the past two thousand years,Taoists or scholars have constantly annotated the scriptures of the previous generation.These Taoist Scripture annotations and the exegetical materials contained in them are important sources for the study of exegetics and the history of vocabulary.There are a considerable number of exegetical materials on Taoist classics.Taking specific words as an example,the paper considers six aspects:research on the materials of exegesis and Taoist cultural words,the materials of exegesis and folk words,the materials of exegesis and polysyllabic research,the discrimination between the materials of exegesis and synonyms,the lexicographical element in exegesis and Chinese,and the materials of exegesis and synonyms.At present,the exegesis of Taoist classics is a blank spot in the study of Chinese exegesis,which should be filled and brought to the foreground of research into exegesis.Strengthening the examination into the materials of exegesis in Taoist classics will bring a new dimension to exegetical research.