国际传播中社交机器人的转译机制与网络治理启示:基于行动者网络理论视角的分析

Translation Mechanisms and Internet Governance Implications of Social Bots in International Communication:An Analysis Based on the Perspective of Actor Network Theory

智能媒体时代,人机共生的社会图景随处可见,社交机器人在国际传播中已经成为了具有人格化形象的意见领袖的同时,也成为了各国政党党同伐异的智能工具,对国际政治舆论进行引导和干扰。在国际传播场域中,可以说人类已经不再理所当然具有超然的中心地位,社交机器人也不再另类和边缘。本文基于行动者网络理论中的转译框架,分析了社交机器人作为与真实人类用户享有平等转译权利的传播节点,其在国际传播中进行的行为机制及其制造的国际传播困境。研究发现社交机器人在问题化、利益赋能、征召与动员的转译过程中可能引发泛政治化、话题失焦、扰乱议程与群体极化等问题。因此在人机共生的社交网络中,加深公众对社交机器人的认识并开展全球共治是使得国际传播场域走向舆论民主的可能道路。

In the age of intelligent media,the social scene of human-machine symbiosis can be seen everywhere,and social robots have become opinion leaders with personalized images in international communication,and at the same time,they have also become intelligent tools for political parties to guide and interfere with international political opinions.In the field of international communication,it can be said that human beings no longer have a supercenter position as a matter of course,and social robots are no longer alternative and marginal.Based on the transference framework in actor network theory,this paper analyzes the behavioral mechanisms of social robots as communication nodes enjoying equal transference rights with real human users,and the international communication dilemmas they create in international communication.It is found that social bots may cause problems such as general politicization,topic defocusing,agenda disruption and group polarization in the process of problematization,interest empowerment,and recruitment&mobilization of translators.Therefore,in a symbiotic social network,deepening public understanding of social bots and global governance is a possible way to make the international communication arena more democratic.