情态动词入场功能的跨语言研究——以“应该,should, sollen”为例

文章在入场理论框架下,构建了情态动词“应该、should、sollen”的入场功能模型。以此模型对情态动词入场进行了汉,英,德三种语言的跨语言语料分析。基于对情态动词的考察,研究发现,情态动词“应该、should、sollen”作为一个入场元素,通过词源语义和认知语义实现对非现实、即时现实和潜在现实事件的入场。首先可将现实事件入场凸显为非现实事件,植入应然性;其次也可将预想现实入场,植入可能性。在这一认知动力的作用下,言语参与者可将定式小句由过程类转为过程实例,从而顺利勾画非现实或潜在发生的言语事件。

Under the framework of Grounding theory,this paper constructs the grounding function model of the modal verb“yinggai、should、sollen”.Based on the investigation of modal verbs,this article finds that the modal verb“yinggai,should,sollen”is used as the ground element to profile unreal,immediate reality and potential reality events through root sense and epistemic sense.First of all,real events can be profiled as unrealistic events;secondly,they can also implant possibilities.Under the influence of this cognitive motivation,speech participants can smoothly outline speech events by converting a fixed clause to a procedure instance and complete the construction of cognitive scenes.