功能翻译理论视角下《红楼梦》诗词英译的价值保留

《红楼梦》是中国古典小说的巅峰之作,是"中国古代社会的百科书"。随着中国在世界的地位逐步提升,在中国树立文化自信的背景下,此书的翻译对于中国文化的传播和文学价值的传承具有极大的意义,而书中的诗词佳句,具有特殊的语言形式和深邃的含义,既是这部小说的一大特色,又是翻译的难点。在《红楼梦》众多英译版本中,杨宪益、戴乃迭的译本最为经典。尤其是对于诗词的翻译巧妙准确、优美传神,在忠实于原文的基础上,更全面地再现了这一古典名著的面貌,对于中国传统文化做到了最大限度的保留。以赖斯为代表的功能翻译学派,从实际角度出发对文本类型进行分类,根据文本的功能性特征而采取不同的翻译方法。诗词是创造性极强的表情型文本,译文既要表达原语内容,又应该传递原语的审美性和艺术形式。而杨宪益、戴乃迭的翻译版本很好地达到了两者的结合,体现了功能翻译理论中根据文本类型选择翻译方法的要求。文章将从功能翻译理论视角出发,通过分析杨译本《红楼梦》中的诗词翻译,探讨翻译过程中文化价值的保留性和译文的功能性,以促进中国文化的交流和传播。

A Dream of Red Mansions,as the pinnacle of Chinese classical novels,is knows as the"encyclopedia of Chinese traditional society".With the gradual improvement of China’s status in the world and under the background of China’s establishment of cultural self-confidence,the translation of this novel is of great significance to the inheritance of literary values and the spread of Chinese culture.The beautiful and profound poems of this novel pose a difficulty in translation.Among various English versions of A Dream of Red Mansions,the versions by Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang are the most classic.Their translation of poems are accurate and vivid,reproducing the appearance of this novel,preserving the traditional Chinese culture to the greatest extent.The functional translation school represented by Reiss classifies text types and adopts different translation methods according to the text.Poetry is a highly creative expression text,the translation should convey the aesthetics and artistic form of the original language.The translated versions of Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang achieve a good combination of the two,which reflects the requirements of selecting translation methods according to text types in functional translation theory.From the perspective of functional translation theory,this paper analyzes the translation of poems in Yang’s version,and explores the preservation of cultural value during the translation process,so as to promote the exchange and spread of Chinese culture.