关于“打”和“strike,hit”的认知词义对比分析研究

文章通过认知语义学理论,对语素"打"和"hit""strike"进行对比分析,发现英汉的原型词义相同,但在词义的扩展过程中,隐喻和转喻的使用,使得词的(扩展义)引申义出现了分化,英汉词义普遍性大于共同性。因此,汉语作为第二语言的词汇教学应该重视词义的扩展过程,帮助学生建立认知联系,这样才能全面的把握词汇意义。

This paper uses the cognitive semantics theory to compare and analyze Chinese word"da"and English morphemes"hit"and"strike",finds out that English and Chinese archetypal meanings are the same,but in the process of extension of word meaning,the use of metaphor and metonymy makes the word extension differentiated from the basic meaning,while the universality of English words is greater than the commonality.Therefore,in the process of vocabulary teaching as a second language,teachers should pay more attention to the extension of word meaning and help students to establish cognitive association between words and extended meaning.