静电纺丝法制备陶瓷纤维及其光催化性能

Electrospinning Preparation and Photocatalytic Performance of Ceramic Fibers

光催化材料可转换太阳能为化学能,实现水体污染物降解、制氢等功能,在清洁能源与环境保护方面具有广阔的应用前景。静电纺丝法制备的陶瓷纤维是备受关注的光催化材料之一。目前,光催化技术的发展主要受限于光响应范围和载流子利用率。优化光催化过程的效率仍然存在许多挑战。本文首先对光催化过程的基本原理和技术瓶颈进行了阐述,并简述了静电纺丝制备陶瓷纤维的原理及方法。系统介绍了在静电纺丝陶瓷纤维中,通过前驱体成分设计、静电纺丝参数控制、热处理工艺调控等工艺设计,利用掺杂、表面等离子共振、上转换发光等策略,拓展可见光吸收范围的方法。同时,阐释了在电纺陶瓷纤维中构筑各类异质结构进而调控载流子迁移路径的方法。最后,本文对静电纺丝法制备的陶瓷纤维在光催化领域的潜在研究方向进行了总结与展望,以期能推动新型陶瓷纤维光催化材料的发展。

Ceramic fibers produced through electrospinning are highly esteemed photocatalytic materials,adept at converting solar energy into chemical energy.These fibers play a crucial role in applications such as degrading water pollutants and producing hydrogen energy,leveraging their high aspect ratio,flexibility,substantial surface area,and recyclability.In recent decades,electrospun ceramic fibers are increasingly relevant in the realms of clean energy and environmental protection.The photocatalytic process leverages clean solar energy to trigger a variety of chemical reactions,generating high-value products.This presents a promising solution to energy crises and environmental issues.Nevertheless,the efficiency of photocatalysts,including those in electrospun ceramic fibers,is hampered by limitations in solar energy utilization and carrier lifetime.This paper reviews the advancements in ceramic fiber photocatalysts by electrospinning.This review begins by explicating the fundamental principles of the photocatalytic process and its theoretical challenges.Subsequently,the critical aspects of the electrospinning technique are succinctly outlined,offering insights into the process and guidance for experimental setups.Then,particular emphasis is placed on the development of visible-light-responsive catalysts,with a comprehensive introduction to strategies such as doping,surface plasmon resonance,upconversion luminescence,and other reported methods.These strategies can effectively expand the light absorption range,tailored through electrospinning parameters followed with proper thermal treatment process.Moreover,this review delves into methods for prolonging carrier lifetime and adjusting the position of the energy band,which are crucial not only for the occurrence of photochemical reactions but also for photocatalytic efficiency.This review discusses the main methods including heterojunction structures,morphology design,and defect engineering,as well as the technical means to implement these strategies in electrospun ceramic fibers.Regarding heterojunction structures,this review first categorizes them into metal-semiconductor heterojunctions and semiconductor-semiconductor heterojunctions,and further classifies semiconductor-semiconductor heterojunctions based on their intrinsic physical properties.This deep-going analysis on the construction of heterojunction has significant implications for the design of novel composite ceramic fiber photocatalysts.Finally,this review concludes with a summary and future perspectives on research in electrospinning technology and electrospun ceramic fibers for photocatalysis,aiming to propel the innovation in ceramic fiber photocatalytic materials.