江阴靖江长江隧道工程火灾防控与应急救援技术

Fire Prevention & Control and Emergency Rescue Technology for Jingjiang Yangtze River Tunnel Project in Jiangyin

江阴靖江长江隧道属于超长隧道,面临大断面、烟道板跨度大、排烟距离长、疏散距离长等工程难题,针对隧道结构防火安全,文章提出了一种新的顶部集中排烟盾构隧道结构防火保护策略,设计了烟道板及拱顶管片的防火保护方案,针对行车层盾构管片防火保护设计采用了"等效热阻"概念;针对火灾排烟,研制高密闭型排烟口,增强排烟系统密封性,确定超长距离隧道工程烟气控制策略,提出超长距离盾构隧道密封降阻措施;针对疏散救援,提出疏散通道长距离加压送风及大断面盾构隧道环形车道快速救援技术,通过现场试验,获得盾构隧道人员楼梯疏散速率,验证疏散方案可行性,为类似水下隧道工程火灾防控与应急救援技术提供参考依据。

Jingjiang Yangtze River Tunnel in Jiangyin is a super-long tunnel encountering engineering challenges such as large section,large flue plate spar,long smoke exhaust distance and long evacuation distance.Regarding the fire safety of the tunnel structure,a new fire protection strategy of top centralized smoke exhaust shield tunnel structure is put forward,a fire protection scheme is designed for flue plate and vault segment,and the concept of"equivalent thermal resistance"is adopted in the design for the fire protection of the shield segments on the driving layer.Regarding fire smoke exhaust,a highly closed type smoke vent is developed to enhance the sealing performance of the smoke exhaust system,a smoke control strategy for super-long distance tunnel project is determined,and measures for sealing and resistance reduction of super-long distance shield tunnels are put forward.In view of evacuation and rescue,the technology of evacuation passageway long-distance pressurized air supply and large-section shield tunnel circular lane rapid rescue is put forward.Through field test,the personnel evacnation rate of shield tunnel stairs has been obtained,and the feasibility of the evacuation scheme has been verified,which provides reference basis for fire prevention and emergency rescue technology of similar underwater tunnel projects.