公路隧道车行横通道开启对火灾排烟影响试验

Field Test on the Influence of Vehicle Transverse Channel Opening for Fire Smoke Exhaust in Highway Tunnels

目前国内双洞公路隧道普遍存在正常运营期间将隧道内车行横通道门开启一定高度的现象,这很大程度上给隧道火灾排烟带来了不利影响。为研究隧道内火源下游车行横通道门开启对火灾排烟的影响,文章依托羊鹿山公路隧道,开展现场火灾试验,对自然通风情况下和风机运行情况下隧道内风速分布进行研究,并对风机运行情况下火源下游车行横通道门开启不同高度对火灾排烟的影响进行研究。结果表明:火源下游车行横通道门开启,即使开启的高度较小,也会导致发生火灾的主隧道内烟气经车行横通道蔓延至相邻非火灾隧道;随着主隧道内纵向风速的增大,经车行横通道流入相邻主隧道的风量增加;主隧道内风速一定的情况下,随着车行横通道门开启高度的增加,横通道内风速减小,风量基本相同。

There is a common phenomenon during the operation of highway tunnels in China,namely opening of rolling shutter doors of the vehicle transverse channels in tunnels.To a large extent,it has a negative influence on tunnel fire smoke controlling.Field fire test was carried out in Yanglushan highway tunnel,to study the effect of the opening of rolling shutter door of vehicle transverse channel in tunnel fire scenario.Research was conducted on the distribution of wind velocity in tunnel under natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation,and related analysis was carried out to study the effect of different opening heights of vehicle transverse channel rolling shutter door under the condition of mechanical ventilation in the tunnel fire.Research result indicates:there is an adverse effect on the fire smoke controlling with opening of vehicle transverse channel rolling shutter door in the downstream direction of the fire source,the fire smoke in the main tunnel will spread to the adjacent non-fire tunnel through the vehicle transverse channel even the opening height is small.With the longitudinal wind velocity increasing in the main tunnel,there is more air volume spread into the adjacent main tunnel through the vehicle transverse channel.When the longitudinal wind velocity in the main tunnel remains unchanged,with increasing of the opening height of the vehicle transverse channel rolling shutter door,the wind velocity in the transverse channel decreases,and the air volume is basically the same.