雀儿山隧道自然风利用及其对抗防冻影响研究

Study on Natural Wind Utilization and Its Impact on Frost Resistance in the Queershan Tunnel

为探讨高海拔地区隧道利用自然风通风节能的可行性,本文理论分析了自然风计算方法及影响因素。通过对海拔4300m的雀儿山隧道进行长期监测,计算了隧道自然风速风向并进行了现场实测,验证了理论计算的准确性,测试了自然风作用下隧道冻结长度变化。研究结果表明:基于雀儿山隧道温度、大气压力和风速风向数据计算隧道自然风向为出口德格端吹向进口甘孜端,风速为1.4~3.3m/s,实测数据与理论分析一致。自然风作用下冬季隧道出口冻结深度超过1500m,对隧道抗防冻存在很大影响;进口未出现冻结现场。因此高海拔地区隧道利用自然风能够实现高效节能,但需考虑增加进风端结构抗防冻设计长度。

In order to analyze the feasibility of using natural wind for energy-saving ventilation in high altitude area,this paper theoretically analyzes the calculation method of natural wind and its influential factors.The accuracy of the theoretical calculation is verified by the long-term monitoring of the Queershan Tunnel at an altitude of 4300 m and the effect of natural wind on frost resistance of tunnel is studied.The natural wind direction of the tunnel is obtained based on the temperature,atmospheric pressure,wind speed and direction data of the tunnel.The results indicate that wind speed is 1.4-3.3 m/s from the exit at Dege end to the entrance at Ganzi end.The measured data is consistent with the results of theoretical analysis.Under the action of natural wind,the frost length at the exit of the tunnel in winter exceeds 1500 m which has a great impact on the frost resistance of the tunnel,and there is no sign of freezing at the entrance.Therefore,the utilization of natural wind in high altitude area can be achieved with high efficiency and energy saving,but it is also necessary to increase the anti-frost length of structure at the wind inlet.