高海拔隧道施工通风及供氧关键参数研究综述

Review on Key Parameters of Ventilation and Oxygen Supply in High-altitude Tunnel Construction

高海拔隧道施工通风设计对于保证隧道施工人员安全及机械高效意义重大。本文总结归纳了关于高海拔隧道通风需风量、机械效率、漏风率及供氧等关键参数最新研究成果,主要包括需风量计算中与海拔高度有关的系数,海拔高度对风机效率影响,漏风率随海拔高度变化规律;以及高海拔隧道施工供氧初始高度确定、供氧标准以及供氧方式。研究成果对川藏公路及铁路隧道施工通风设计具有一定的指导意义。

Ventilation design in the construction process is of great significance for ensuring personnel safety and mechanical efficiency in high altitude tunnels.This paper summarized the latest research results of key ventilation parameters such as required air volume,mechanical efficiency,air leakage rate and oxygen supply in high altitude tunnels.It mainly includes the altitude-related coefficients in required air volume calculation,the influence of altitude on efficiency of fan,the variation law of air leakage rate with the altitude,as well as the determination of altitude threshold for oxygen supply in the construction of high altitude tunnels,the oxygen supply standard and the oxygen supply mode.The research results can provide references for the ventilation design in the construction process for Sichuan-Tibet Highway Tunnels and other railway tunnels.