城市水下隧道入口引道诱导设计

Guide-based Design of the Entrance Approach of Urban Underwater Tunnel

为提升城市水下隧道入口引道的行车安全性,本文分析了入口引道的结构及环境特点,在此基础上利用交通工程设施进行了城市水下隧道入口引道诱导设计,以合理诱导驾驶人视线,帮助驾驶人员快速明确道路线形,改善视错觉,提高行车安全性。并通过室内仿真实验验证了设计方案的有效性,结果表明:(1)方案一中速度错觉程度_由15.17%降低至4.57%,方案二则降低至7.60%,方案一的速度感知提升效果更加显著;(2)在50km/h行车速度下驾驶人的碰撞感知时间变化不大,在60 km/h和80km/h时的改善效果更优,引道诱导设计更适用于高速(道60km/h)城市水下隧道;(3)方案一中距离感知能力由7.1%提升至14.74%,方案二由3.66%提升至8.46%,且在60km/h时提升效果最佳。

In order to improve the traffic safety of the entrance approach of an urban underwater tunnel,the structural and environmental characteristics of an entrance approach road were analyzed.Following this,the traffic engineering facility was used to obtain the design guidance for an urban underwater tunnel.This could reasonably guide the driver’s sights,help them quickly identify the road condition,thus improving the visual illusion,and driving safety.The effectiveness of the design method was verified by laboratory experiments.The results show that:(1)the speed illusion degree(15.17%)is reduced to 4.57%and 7.60%in Scheme 1 and 2,respectively.The speed perception enhancement effect of Scheme 1 is more significant;(2)the time-to-collision of drivers does not vary significantly at a speed of 50 km/h.The improvement effect is better at 60 km/h and 80 km/h,indicating that the design procedures are more suitable for a high-speed(≥60 km/h)urban underwater tunnel;(3)distance perception in Scheme 1 is increased from 7.1%to 14.74%,and it increases from 3.66%to 8.46%in Scheme 2;hence,its improvement effect is most significant at a speed of 60 km/h.