全球价值链分工视角下日韩贸易摩擦的原因分析

Analysis on the Causes of Trade Friction between Japan and South Korea from the Perspective of Global Value Chain Division

基于总贸易核算法对日韩双边贸易进行分解,构建贸易利益、分工联系、分工地位3个维度的GVC分工特征衡量指标,并利用WIOD最新公布数据得到2000—2014年日韩两国参与GVC的分工特征,以解释日韩贸易摩擦产生的深层次原因。结果表明:日本相对于韩国在出口获利能力、分工联系以及GVC分工地位等方面的优势均在逐渐缩小,日本存在采取出口管制以维持各方面优势的动机;日本限制半导体原材料出口的原因与其在该行业出口获利能力减弱且对韩主要出口中间品等因素有关;日本试图通过加强与中国和美国这两个最大贸易伙伴国的分工联系,最大程度地降低与韩国发生各领域贸易摩擦的负面影响。

Based on the gross trade accounting method to decompose the bilateral trade between Japan and South Korea,this paper constucts the indexes of feature for GVC division from three aspects such as trade gains,division connections and division status,and exploits the latest data released by WIOD to analyze the division feature of Japan and South Korea participating in the GVC from 2000 to 2014 for the sake of explaining deep reasons of the trade friction between the two countries.The study results show that Japan’s advantages in terms of export profitabilities,division connections and GVC division status are gradually narrowing relative to South Korea,so Japan has an incentive to adopt export restrictions to maintain various superiorities.Japan’s choice of export restrictions on semi-conductor raw materials is related to the reasons that Japan’s export profitability in that industry has narrowed and its export products towards South Korea are intermediates mainly.Japan has tried to minimize the negative impacts of trade friction with South Korea in various fields by strengthening its division connections with China and the United States which are the two largest trading partners of Japan.