微创骨劈开技术应用于下颌后牙区窄牙槽嵴种植的临床研究

Clinical study of minimally invasive bone splitting technique applied to narrow alveolar ridge implantation in mandibular posterior teeth

目的评价在下颌后牙区窄牙槽嵴应用微创骨劈开技术种植的临床疗效。方法选择56例种植牙患者,经CBCT测量患者下颌后牙区牙槽嵴顶骨宽度为3.5~4.5mm,可用骨高度在12mm以上,基骨明显宽于牙槽嵴。采用微创骨劈开技术植入意大利B&B型号为4510的种植体117枚。所有植体均于术后12周行二期手术、16周行上部冠修复。分别在修复完成后当日、6个月、1年、2年拍摄种植区CBCT,测量种植体颈部骨宽度和骨高度,采用SPSS22.0统计软件对数据进行分析。结果观察期内种植成功率100%;修复完成后两年内CBCT数据结果显示,颊侧骨板厚度无明显变化(P>0.05)、修复后半年垂直骨吸收与修复后1年、2年均有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论微创骨劈开技术是下颌后牙区牙槽嵴顶骨宽度为3.5~4.5mm连续多颗牙种植效果显著的方法,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of minimally invasive bone splitting technique applied to narrow alveolar ridge in implant surgery for mandibular molars.Methods 56 patients with sequential mandibular posterior tooth missing for implantment were selected.The bone width in the alveolar crest was 3.5-4.5 mm with the bone height more than 10 mm measured by the CBCT,and the bone height was more than 12 mm.The base bone was obviously wider than the alveolar ridge.117 Italian B&B implants with size of 4510 were implanted by the minimally invasive bone splitting technique.The second surgery and upper repaired performed after 12 weeks and16 weeks.Post-prosthetic checks took place at the day,6 months,1 year and 2 years after crowns being repaired,and the bone width and bone height of the implant neck were measured.SPSS22.0 statistical software was used to analyze the data.Results The planting success rate was 100%during the observation period;The results of CBCT data within two years after crowns repaired showed that there was no significant low-density shadow around the implant and no significant change in the thickness of buccal bone plate(P>0.05).There was a statistical difference between the vertical bone absorption in the half year after crowns repaired and that in the 1 year and 2 years(P<0.05).Conclusion Minimally invasive bone splitting technique is an effective method to implant with the width of 3.5-4.5 mm in the the alveolar ridge of sequential mandibular posterior tooth missing,which is worthy of clinical application.