基于fluent数值模拟的离心泵汽蚀问题研究

Study on cavitation of centrifugal pump based on Fluent numerical simulation

管路结构及离心泵内部流场直接影响泵的汽蚀性能,为了进一步明确汽蚀现象和防治措施,以某电厂开式泵为研究对象,通过理论求解与数值模拟相结合的方法,研究了泵前管路对泵汽蚀性能的影响。研究结果表明,泵前管路系统结构对泵汽蚀性能有较大的影响,且进行回流调节可以一定程度上防止汽蚀;离心泵在流量过大过小时均存在较大的低速区,后方高速流体撞击低速区带来较大的压损,易引起汽蚀。

The pipeline structure and the internal flow field of the centrifugal pump directly affect the cavitation performance of the pump.To further clarify the cavitation phenomenon and its prevention measures,we took the boiler feed pump of a power plant as the research object,and studied the influence of the pipeline in front of the pump on the cavitation performance of the pump through theoretical solution and numerical simulation.The results show that the structure of the pipeline system in front of the pump has a great impact on the cavitation performance of the pump,and the cavitation can be prevented to a certain extent by reflux adjustment.There is a large low-speed zone in the centrifugal pump when the flow rate is too high or too low,and the impact of the rear high-speed fluid in the low-speed zone will cause large pressure loss,which may easily lead to cavitation.