游离氨调理污泥厌氧消化过程研究进展

Advances in anaerobic digestion of free ammonia-conditioned sludge

游离氨调理污泥能够促进污泥中有机质的释放,通过抑制部分厌氧消化菌的活性、调控乙酸生成以及同型和乙酸型产甲烷途径,来提高氢气或甲烷产率。综述了游离氨调理机制、条件和有机物的释放、产气效果等,研究表明,游离氨能够强化小分子有机物通过穿胞透璧释放,促进胞内溶解性有机物以溶解性蛋白质和多糖形态释放为溶解性化学需氧量(SCOD);游离氨浓度与有机物释放量呈对数正相关;调理条件是影响游离氨调理效果的关键因素;游离氨调控厌氧消化菌种群的策略制约着相关酶的活性以及有机物的转移转化,进一步优化调理策略有望提升污泥的生物降解性能,提高氢气或甲烷的产率。

Using free ammonia to condition sludge can promote the release of organic matters from sludge.The yielding of hydrogen or methane can be improved by inhibiting the activity of some anaerobic digestion bacteria,and regulating the generation of acetic acid and the pathway of acetic acid to methane.The mechanism and conditions of free ammonia conditioning,the release of organic matters and the effect of gas production are reviewed.Existing studies have shown that free ammonia can enhance the release of small molecule organic matter through transcellular wall,and promote the release of intracellular soluble organic matter as soluble chemical oxygen demand(SCOD)in the form of soluble protein and polysaccharide.There is a logarithmic positive correlation between the concentration of free ammonia and the amount of organic matter released.Conditioning condition is the key factor affecting the conditioning effect of free ammonia.The strategy of free ammonia regulating anaerobic digestion strains restricts the activities of related enzymes as well as the transfer and transformation of organic matter between them.Further optimization of conditioning strategy is expected to improve the biodegradability of sludge and increase the yield of hydrogen or methane.