油溶性稠油降黏剂SMA/NVP/MA/TA的合成与评价

Synthesis and evaluation of SMA/NVP/MA/TA,an oil-soluble viscosity-reducing agent for heavy oil

以偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂、甲苯为溶剂,采用甲基丙烯酸十八酯(SMA)、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(NVP)、马来酸酐(MA)、茴香烯(TA)为原料合成四元聚合物用作降黏剂,并通过单因素实验得到最优合成条件:n(SMA)∶n(NVP)∶n(MA)∶n(TA)=6∶2∶3∶3,引发剂加量为单体质量的0.65%,反应温度90℃,反应时间5 h,单体浓度30%。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪验证其结构与最初设计结构一致。降黏剂在50℃下、加量为500 mg/L时,对稠油的降黏率可达66%;通过扫描电子显微镜对降黏前后的沥青质胶质进行观察,发现含茴香烯降黏剂可以更好地打破稠油原有的堆积结构,从而起到更好的降黏效果。

A quaternary polymer is synthesized by using stearyl methacrylate(SMA),N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone(NVP),maleic anhydride(MA)and trans-anethole(TA)as raw materials,toluene as solvent,and azodiisobutyronitrile(AIBN)as initiator.The optimal synthesis conditions are obtained through single factor experiments as follows:n(SMA)∶n(NVP)∶n(MA)∶n(TA)=6∶2∶3∶3,the dosage of initiator is 0.65%of monomers mass,the reaction performs at 90℃,the reaction lasts for 5 hours,and the concentration of monomers is 30%.It is verified through Fourier transform infrared spectrometer that the structure of the quaternary polymer is consistent with the originally designed structure.At 50℃,the viscosity reduction rate of heavy oil by this quaternary polymer can reach 66%when its dosage is 500 mg·L^(-1).By means of scanning electron microscopy,asphaltene colloid before and after viscosity reduction is observed,and it is found that the trans-anethole-containing viscosity reduction agent can better break the original accumulation structure of heavy oil,thus playing a better viscosity reduction effect.