迷走神经刺激在癫痫治疗中的抗炎作用机制

Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Epilepsy Treatment

癫痫是一种由大脑神经元过度兴奋或异常同步放电引起脑部功能障碍的慢性神经疾病,具有反复性、发作性和短暂中枢神经系统功能失常等特征。近年来,研究发现炎症反应的异常激活在癫痫发生和发展过程中起到重要作用,炎症信号分子成为抗癫痫治疗的新靶点。迷走神经刺激(vagus nerve stimulation,VNS)作为辅助疗法通过与抗癫痫药物治疗相结合,可以减少癫痫发作,大量的临床应用表明VNS治疗具有较高的安全性和有效性,然而VNS的作用机制尚不清楚。近年来,人们已经在动物疾病模型和病人中开展了VNS抗炎作用机制的研究,该文对VNS在抗癫痫治疗中外周和中枢神经系统的免疫调节作用机制进行综述。

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder caused by excessive excitation or abnormal synchronous discharge of neurons in the brain.It has the characteristics of recurrent,episodic and transient central nervous system dysfunction.Accumulating evidences show that excessive activation of inflammatory response plays an important role in the occurrence and development of epilepsy,and inflammatory signaling molecules have become a new target for antiepileptic therapy.VNS(vagus nerve stimulation)as an adjunctive therapy,can reduce seizures by combining with antiepileptic drugs.A large number of clinical applications have shown that VNS has high safety and effectiveness,but the mechanism of VNS is unclear.In recent years,studies have been carried out on the antiinflammatory mechanism of VNS in animal disease models and patients.In this paper,the potential immunomodulatory mechanism of VNS in peripheral and central system was reviewed.