SARM1在神经系统中的作用及机制研究进展

The Role and Mechanism of SARM1 in the Nervous System

无菌α和Toll白介素受体基序蛋白1(sterile alpha and toll interleukin receptor motif-containing protein 1,SARM1)是最新发现的一个在Toll样受体(Toll-like receptor,TLR)通路中起作用的衔接子。SARM1主要在哺乳动物的神经系统中表达,在神经炎症、神经系统的发育中都发挥重要作用。它可以介导神经元的死亡和形态改变,调控神经纤维的瓦勒变性,并且对神经胶质细胞的发生也有影响。与此同时,在面对损伤(感染、外伤、低氧等)时,SARM1作为神经元损伤和先天免疫之间的联系点,为神经退行性疾病和精神疾病等的发病机制研究和治疗方案提供新思路。该文对SARM1在神经系统中作用及机制研究进行综述。

SARM1(sterile alpha and toll interleukin receptor motif-containing protein 1)is the latest adaptor that plays a role in TLR(Toll-like receptor)signal transmission.SARM1 is mainly expressed in the nervous system of mammals,which plays an essential role in the occurrence of neuroinflammation and neurodevelopment.SARM1 not only mediates the morphology and apoptosis of neurons,but also regulates the Waller degeneration of nerve fibers.What’s more,it also has an effect on the development of glial cells.Meanwhile,in the face of risk(infection,trauma,hypoxia,etc),SARM1,as the connection point between neuronal injury and innate immunity,provides a new starting point for the pathogenesis and treatment of neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases.This article reviews the role and mechanism of SARM1 in the nervous system.