2014-2017年赤峰市HIV抗体检测结果分析

Result analysis of HIV antibody testing in Chifeng city from 2014 to 2017

目的分析赤峰市艾滋病病毒(HIV)抗体检测结果,了解HIV感染情况及流行规律,为赤峰市艾滋病的防治工作提供技术支持。方法对2014―2017年赤峰市血清样本进行HIV初筛试验,反应为阳性的样本应用两种筛查方法复检,任何一种方法结果为阳性的样本,则进行蛋白印迹试验(WB)确证。结果赤峰市HIV血清样本的检测阳性率为0.019%(372/1 952 932),WB确证试验中,93.5%(348/372)阳性样本反应条带在7条以上,不确定样本带型p24单一条带16/50;医疗机构、疾病预防控制中心、中心血站检测人群HIV抗体初筛阳性样本的阳性检出率(60.4%、87.2%、13.9%)比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=205.253,P <0.001),其中疾病预防控制中心阳性检出率高于医疗机构(χ~2=41.099,P <0.001),医疗机构阳性检出率高于中心血站(χ~2=111.921,P <0.001)。结论赤峰市HIV检测阳性率较低,尽管p24条带具有非特异性,不能忽视为早期感染;中心血站阳性检出率最低,应将核酸检测引入判断标准。

Objective To analyze the results of HIV antibody tested during 2014-2017, and understand the HIV infection status and epidemic in Chifeng, so as to provide technical support for AIDS prevention and control. Methods The serum samples were preliminarily screened and the screened positive samples of HIV antibody were retested by two methods and confirmed by Western Blotting(WB) for confirmation. Results The HIV positive rate of the samples was 0.019%(372/1 952 932), of which 93.5%(348/372) had more than 7 bands. Among the uncertain results of the samples, band p24 alone accounted for 32.0%(16/50). The positive rates screened from medical institutions, CDC and blood centers(60.4%, 87.2%, 13.9%) had statistically significant difference(χ~2=205.253, P < 0.001). The positive rate from CDC was higher than those from medical institutions(χ~2=41.099, P < 0.00). The positive rate from medical institutions was higher than those from blood centers(χ~2=111.921,P < 0.001). Conclusion The positive rate of the serum samples is lower. AIDS epidemic is low in Chifeng. Though the uncertain samples band type is mainly p24, which is not so specific, it is possible for early infection. The positive rate from blood centers is the lowest, suggesting that the test can be combined with nucleic acid detection.