2011-2016年贵州省少数民族艾滋病疫情流行特征分析

Epidemic characteristics of HIV/AIDS among ethnic minorities in Guizhou province during 2011-2016

目的分析2011-2016年贵州省主要少数民族艾滋病疫情流行特征,为制定艾滋病防控措施提供科学依据。方法利用艾滋病综合防治信息系统数据资料进行描述性研究和分析。结果 2011-2016年少数民族新报告HIV/AIDS病人7 773例,男女比例为2∶1,20~49岁组占62.6%;初中和小学文化分别占35.4%和34.6%;农民占61.4%;异性性传播占89.2%,同性性传播占6.7%,异性性传播构成比从2011年的78.8%上升至2016年的92.8%。样本来源于医疗机构其他就诊者检测占48.2%。结论少数民族艾滋病疫情呈上升趋势,并以异性性传播为主,部分少数民族疫情防控形势严峻。

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of HIV/AIDS among major ethnic minorities in Guizhou province from 2011 to 2016, and to provide scientific evidence for developing AIDS prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive method was used to analyze the data collected from the HIV/AIDS comprehensive prevention and control information system. Results 7 773 cases were diagnosed and reported during 2011-2016, with the ration of male to female 2:1,and 62.6% aged between 20-49 years old. 35.4% and 34.6% received education of junior middle school and primary school respectively. 61.4% was farmers. Heterosexual transmission accounted for 89.2%, and homosexual transmission for 6.7%. The proportion of heterosexual transmission increased from 78.8% in 2011 to 92.8% in 2016, the most rapid increase. All ethnic minority cases were mainly heterosexual transmission. 48.2% of the cases were reported from the hospitals. Conclusion The HIV/AIDS epidemic among ethnic minority is rising, and the major route of transmission is heterosexual contact. It is urgent to take actions to prevent HIV epidemic in ethnic minority.