资源枯竭型城市土地利用变化及其生态服务价值效应研究——以贵州万山特区为例

Land use change and its ecological service valule effect in resource-exhausted city——Take Wanshan Special Zone in Guizhou Province as an example

在生态先行的时代背景下,资源枯竭型城市的生态守护和生态服务的提升至关重要。以贵州省资源枯竭型城市——万山特区为例,基于1995年、2005年和2015年3个时期的Landsat遥感影像,借助ArcGIS平台,运用当量因子法,探究了万山特区土地利用变化及其生态服务价值效应。结果表明:1995~2005年,万山特区灌木林、草地和建设用地面积减少,水田、旱地、有林地面积增加,而水域无变化。2005~2015年,旱地和有林地面积减少,其他地类面积增加。从生态服务价值来看,1995~2005年,万山特区调节服务、支持服务、文化服务和生态服务总价值减少,而供给服务价值增加。2005~2015年调节服务、支持服务、文化服务和生态服务总价值增加,仅有供给服务价值减少。从不同地形坡度对生态服务价值的影响来看,1995~2005年和2005~2015年不同坡度等级条件下生态服务价值差异突出。在地形坡度为5°~25°的区域间各用地类型提供的生态服务价值相对较高,尤其是灌木林地和旱地。

Under the time background of ecological first,it's crucial for resource-exhausted city to protect the ecological and promote ecological service.Take Wanshan,a resource-exhausted city in Guizhou Province,as an example,based on three periods'Landsat remote-sensing image,and the platform of ArcGIS,using the method of equivalent factor to analyze the change of land use and ecological efficiency in 1995,2005and 2015.The results showed that:from 1995to 2015,the area of shrub land,grassland and construction land is reducing,the area of paddy field,dry land and forest land is increasing,and the area of water area has no change.From 2005to 2015,the area of dry land and forest is reducing,other type of land use area is increasing.In terms of the value of ecosystem,from 1995to 2005,the value of regulating services,cultural services and the total services are reducing,the value of supply services is increasing.From 2005to 2015,the value of regulating services,cultural services and the total services are increasing,the value of supply services is reducing.Based on the impact of different to slope on the value of ecological services,from 1995to 2005and 2005to 2015,the value of ecological services has a big difference under different slope rent,all kinds of land use offer relatively high value of ecological service in the region where slope is between 5°and 25°,especially for shrub land and dry land.