基于DEM的陕北黄土高原地貌形态特征研究

Research on characteristics of topographic in Loess Plateau of North Shaanxi Province based on DEM

地貌形态对生态和环境的分布和变化有着直接或间接的作用,极大地影响人类的生产和生活。本研究以陕北黄土高原为研究对象,在ArcGIS软件平台支持下,基于30m×30m的DEM数据,提取高程、坡度、坡向、地形起伏度等地形因子,运用空间分析中提取、重分类、表面、地图代数、区域分析以及数据管理工具等,通过定位表达和统计分析,得到区域各地形因子空间分布及数量特征;将地形因子进行空间联合生成基本地貌形态统计表,结合三维景观图直观反映研究区地貌形态特征,获取了地貌特征的定性和定量总体认识,为研究区土地综合利用和生态环境保护等提供参考依据。

Geomorphologic form had direct or indirect effects on the distribution and change of ecology and environment,which greatly affected the production and life of human beings.Taking the Loess Plateau of North Shaanxi Province as an object of study,with the support of ArcGIS software platform,based on the grid of 30m×30mdigital elevation model(DEM),using the extract,reclassify,surface,map algebra and zonal in spatial analyst tools and data management tools to extract elevation,slope degree,aspect and relief amplitude,spatial distribution and quantitative characteristics of topographic factors in the region were expressed positionally and analyzed statistically.The topographic factors were combined spatially to generate the statistical table of basic geomorphologic types.The three-dimensional landform landscape map were created to reflect the characteristics of topographic of the study area intuitively.Qualitative and quantitative analysis on the characteristics of topographic form in the Loess Plateau of North Shaanxi Province to provide reference for comprehensive land use and ecological and environmental protection.